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THE GARDEN
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WHERE NATURE AND WILDLIFE THRIVE TOGETHER

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Publications

Research work carried out and publications

Displaying its long-term commitment to research, Nandankanan Biological Park supported a number of research projects to assess biodiversity conservation, wildlife management, animal health issues and management of captive animals. To ensure optimal outcomes collaboration with the number of organization was given priority. The research teams are made up of Orissa Veterinary College, zoo vets, collaborating scientists and students of graduate, masters and PhD levels. Funding for research is provided by CZA. The research findings would further increase our expertise in the management of captive animals.

The major focus of the research studies carried out during the year mostly focused on standardization of artificial incubation techniques for birds and reptiles, standardization of hand rearing protocols for baby animals, management of health care related issues, behavioural studies on maternal behaviour of Indian pangolins, analysis effect of inbreeding on captive tigers, hormonal studies to determine reproductive status and stress in wild animals. Some of the studies are published in national and international journals which are mentioned bellow.

The research studies carried out during the year mostly focused on health care management, breeding biology of endangered species, hormonal studies to determine reproductive status of zoo animals, studies on diversity and distribution of free living species of Nandankanan. Some of the studies are published in national and international journals which are mentioned below.

  1. Mishra, S., Mishra, A. K., Roy, P. K., Samantaray, R. K., Das, A. K., Mohapatra, S. N., & Panda, S. (2010). Successful hand-rearing of chimpanzee baby (Pan troglodytes) at Nandankanan Zoological Park, Bhubaneswar. Indian Zoo Year Book, IV, 50-59.
  2. Mishra, S., & Panda, S. (2010). Nocturnal behaviour of Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) in captivity. Indian Zoo Year Book, IV, 128-136.
  3. Mohapatra, R. K., Mishra, A. K., Parida, S. P., & Mishra, S. (2010). Behavioural responses to environmental enrichment in captive tigers (Panthera tigris) at Nandankanan Zoological Park, Orissa. E-planet, 8(2), 44-48.
  4. Mishra, S., Mahapatra, P. K., Sinha, S., Nayak, H. P., Mishra, A. K., Nair, M. V., Mohapatra, S. N., & Panda, S. (2010). Butterfly diversity of Nandankanan Wildlife Sanctuary, Orissa, India. E-planet, 8(1), 31-37.
  5. Panda, S., Mishra, S., Mishra, A. K., & Mohapatra, S. N. (2010). Nandankanan faunal diversity. Nandankanan Biological Park, Forest & Environment Department, Government of Odisha.
  6. Panda, S., Mishra, S., Priyadarshini, D., & Parida, S. P. (2011). Spiders of Nandankanan. Nandankanan Biological Park, Forest & Environment Department, Government of Odisha.
  7. Panda, S., & Panda, P. C. (2012). Floral diversity of Nandankanan Wildlife Sanctuary. Nandankanan Biological Park, Forest & Environment Department, Government of Odisha.
  8. Anonymous. (2012). Butterflies of Nandankanan. Nandankanan Zoological Park, Forest & Environment Department, Government of Odisha.
  9. Mishra, S., & Panda, S. (2012). Distribution of Indian pangolin Manis crassicaudata Gray (Pholidota, Manidae) in Odisha: A rescue perspective. Small Mammal Mail, 3(2), 51-53.
  10. Sahoo, M., Mohapatra, H. K., Panda, S. K., & Sahoo, N. R. (2012). Pulmonary tuberculosis in captive blackbuck. Indian Veterinary Journal, 89(1), 68-69.
  11. Mohapatra, P., Nair, M. V., & Panda, S. (2013). Amphibians of Nandankanan. Nandankanan Biological Park, Forest & Environment Department, Government of Odisha.
  12. Mohapatra, R. K., Panda, S., Sahu, S. K., Roy, P. K., Purohit, K. L., & Mishra, C. R. (2013). Hand-rearing of rescued Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) at Nandankanan Zoological Park, Odisha. Indian Zoo Year Book, VII, 17-25.
  13. Bhujabal, G. N., Mohanty, P. K., & Panda, S. (2013). Haemocytological analysis of two carnivores of Nandankanan Zoological Park, Odisha. Indian Zoo Year Book, VII, 47-54.
  14. Sahu, S. K., Panda, S., & Roy, P. K. (2013). Management and breeding of Ratel or honey badger (Mellivora capensis) in Nandankanan Zoological Park, Odisha. Indian Zoo Year Book, VII, 81-88.
  15. Mohapatra, R. K., Panda, S., & Purohit, K. L. (2013). Wintering avian population of Nandankanan Wildlife Sanctuary, Odisha. Tiger Paper, 40(2), 29-32.
  16. Mohapatra, R. K., Sahu, S. K., & Panda, S. (2013). Twin birth of Ratel (Mellivora capensis indica) in captivity: A case study at Nandankanan Zoological Park. Zoo’s Print, 28(1), 25.
  17. Sahoo, N., Sahu, S. K., Kharate, A., Panda, H. K., Roy, P. K., Dash, M., & Das, A. K. (2013). Sensitivity of laboratory tests for diagnosis of feline panleukopaenia. Indian Zoo Year Book, VIII, 6-11.
  18. Sarangi, L. N., & Panda, S. (2013). Occurrence of Listeria species in different captive wild animals of Nandankanan Zoo, Barang, Odisha. Indian Journal of Threatened Taxa, 5(1), 3542-3547.
  19. Sahu, S. K., Sahoo, N., & Roy, P. K. (2013). Treatment against paragonimiasis in a common palm civet. Indian Veterinary Journal, 90(7), 68-69.
  20. Mohapatra, R. K., & Panda, S. (2013). Behavioural sampling techniques and activity pattern of Indian pangolin Manis crassicaudata (Mammalia: Manidae) in captivity. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 5(17), 5247-5255.
  21. Mohapatra, R. K., & Panda, S. (2014). Husbandry, behavior and conservation breeding of Indian pangolin. Folia Zoologica, 63(2), 73-80.
  22. Mohapatra, R. K., Panda, S., & Acharya, U. (2014). Study on activity pattern and incidence of stereotypic behavior in captive tigers. Journal of Veterinary Behavior, 9, 172-176.
  23. Mohapatra, R. K., Mohanty, P. K., & Panda, S. (2014). Haematological, biochemical and cytomorphometric analysis of an Indian pangolin. International Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 3(8), 77-81.
  24. Mohapatra, R. K., Panda, S., & Nair, M. V. (2014). Architecture and microclimate of burrow systems of Indian pangolins in captivity. Indian Zoo Year Book, VIII, 12-24.
  25. Sahu, S. K., Panda, S., & Mohapatra, R. K. (2014). Management and breeding of black kite or common pariah kite (Milvus migrans) in Nandankanan Zoological Park, Odisha. Indian Zoo Year Book, VIII, 105-109.
  26. Nair, M. V., Acharjyo, L. N., Panda, S., & Sahu, S. K. (2014). Longevity of some wild birds in captivity from Nandankanan Zoological Park with instances of a world longevity record of Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus). Indian Zoo Year Book, VIII, 39-43.
  27. Bhujabal, G. N., Mohanty, P. K., & Panda, S. (2014). Haemocytological analysis of three species of captive cervids of Nandankanan Zoological Park, Odisha. Indian Zoo Year Book, VIII, 134-139.
  28. Mohapatra, R. K., & Panda, S. (2014). Behavioural descriptions of Indian pangolins (Manis crassicaudata) in captivity. International Journal of Zoology, 2014, 1-7.
  29. Mohapatra, R. K., Panda, S., & Nair, M. V. (2015). On mating behaviour of captive Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata). Taprobanica, 7(1), 57-59.
  30. Mohapatra, R. K., Panda, S., Acharjyo, L. N., Nair, M. V., & Challender, D. W. S. (2015). A note on the illegal trade and use of pangolin body parts in India. Traffic Bulletin, 27(1), 33-40.
  31. Mohapatra, R. K., Panda, S., Nair, M. V., & Acharjyo, L. N. (2015). Checklist of parasites and bacteria recorded from pangolins (Manis spp.). Journal of Parasitic Diseases.
  32. Mohapatra, R. K., Sahu, S. K., & Panda, S. (2015). Mating behaviour of striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) in captivity. In V. K. Gupta, A. K. Verma, & G. D. Singh (Eds.), Perspectives in Animal Ecology and Reproduction (Vol. 10, pp. 331-336). Daya Publishing House.
  33. Sahu, S., Panda, S. K., & Sahoo, N. (2016). Black quarter outbreak in four-horned antelopes at Nandankanan Zoological Park. Indian Veterinary Journal, 93(1), 59-60.
  34. Mohapatra, R. K., Panda, S., Sahu, S. K., & Acharjyo, L. N. (2016). Maternal behaviour of tigress (Panthera tigristigris): A case study at Nandankanan Zoological Park, Odisha, India. International Zoo News, 63(5), 323-332.
  35. Mohapatra, R. K., Panda, S., Nair, M. V., & Acharjyo, L. N. (2016). Checklist of parasites and bacteria recorded from pangolins (Manis spp.). Journal of Parasitic Diseases, 40(4), 1109-1115.
  36. Sahu, S. K., Panda, S. K., & Mohapatra, R. K. (2017). Gout in Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus): A case report. International Journal of Avian & Wildlife Biology, 2(2), 1-3.
  37. Das, S., Dehuri, M., Panda, M. R., Sahoo, N., Mohanty, B., & Sahu, S. K. (2017). Chemotherapy against gastrointestinal helminths in herbivore safari at Nandankanan Zoological Park, Odisha. Global Journal of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 6(3), 556-558.
  38. Panda, S., Patra, B. K., Sahu, S. K., Sahoo, N., Panda, S., Mohanty, D. N., & Nahak, A. K. (2017). Quantification of fecal testosterone hormone in captive tigers. Indian Veterinary Journal, 94(1), 38-40.
  39. Sahu, S. K., & Sahoo, N. (2017). Wild felid’s health issues with focus on Nandankanan Zoological Park, Odisha. In Proceedings of the National Congress on Wildlife Health and Annual Convention of AIZWV.
  40. Mishra, S. P., Mishra, C., Nayak, G., Mishra, P., Sahoo, N., & Sahu, S. K. (2017). Effect of inbreeding on mortality of captive tiger. Exploratory Animal Medical Research, 7(1), 69-73.
  41. Chichilichi, B., Pradhan, C. R., Sahoo, N., Panda, M. R., Mishra, S. K., Behera, K., & Das, A. (2018). Fecal cortisol as an indicator of stress in free-ranging and captive Asian elephants of Odisha. Journal of Veterinary Behavior, 7(4), 1137-1140.
  42. Kharate, A., Sahu, S. K., Panda, S. K., Sahoo, N., & Panda, H. K. (2018). Prevalence, isolation and identification of feline panleukopaenia virus from wild felids in Nandankanan Zoo, Odisha. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology: Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 12(1), 701.
  43. Mohapatra, R. K., Panda, S., & Sahu, S. K. (2018). On the gestation period of Indian pangolins (Manis crassicaudata) in captivity. Biodiversity International Journal, 2(6), 559-560.
  44. Mohapatra, R. K. (2018). Sighting of Indian grey hornbill and Rufous woodpecker at Nandankanan Wildlife Sanctuary, Odisha, India. International Journal of Avian & Wildlife Biology, 3(4), 307-308.
  45. Mohapatra, R. K., Sahu, S. K., Panda, S., Das, J. K., & Upadhyay, H. S. (2019). Himalayan griffon: Rescue and treatment of Gyps himalayensis in Odisha, India. Zoo’s Print, 34(3), 24-27.
  46. Challender, D. W., Ades, G. W., Chin, J. S., Sun, N. C. M., Chong, J. L., Connelly, E., Hywood, L., Luz, S., Mohapatra, R. K., de Ornellas, P., & Parker, K. (2019). Evaluating the feasibility of pangolin farming and its potential conservation impact. Global Ecology and Conservation, 20, e00714.
  47. Mohapatra, R. K., Purohit, S., Ray, S. S., Sahoo, A. A., Panda, M. K., Panda, B. P., Nanda, S., Sahoo, M., Padhee, B. K., Parmar, M., Biswal, U., Parida, S. P., Das, J. K., & Paul, S. (2019). Addition of some bird species to checklist of Nandankanan Wildlife Sanctuary, Odisha. International Journal of Avian & Wildlife Biology, 4(3), 80-85.
  48. Mahmood, T., Challender, D., Khatiwada, A., Andleeb, S., Perera, P., Trageser, S., Ghose, A., & Mohapatra, R. (2019). Manis crassicaudata.The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2019, e.T12761A123583998.
  49. Challender, D., Wu, S., Kaspal, P., Khatiwada, A., Ghose, A., Sun, N. C. M., Mohapatra, R. K., & Suwal, T. L. (2019). Manis pentadactyla.The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2019, e.T12764A168392151.
  50. Mohapatra, R. K., Panda, B. P., Panda, M. K., Purohit, S., Parida, S. P., Purohit, K. L., Das, J. K., & Upadhyaya, H. S. (2019). Colonial nesting of Asian openbill storks Anastomusoscitans in Nandankanan Wildlife Sanctuary, Odisha. International Journal of Avian & Wildlife Biology, 4(1), 14-17.
  51. Sahu, S. K., Hota, S. R., Behera, B. K., Dash, M., & Sahoo, N. (2019). Molecular detection of Theileria spp. in apparently healthy cervids of Nandankanan Zoological Park, Odisha. E-planet, 17(2), 146-151.
  52. Mohapatra, R. K., Sahu, S. K., Joshi, A., Vanjari, C. D., Bhandari, B., Thakur, M., Perera, P., Mendis, A., Aditya, V., Sharma, G., Katdare, B., Chaudhuri, A., Mahapatra, M., Maharana, S., Kumar, S., & Nair, M. V. N. (2022). Field guide for rehabilitation of Indian pangolin (2nd ed.). Nandankanan Biological Park and Central Zoo Authority.
  53. Mohapatra, R. K., Sahu, S. K., Dash, M., & Mohapatra, D. (2020). Parasites and bacteria associated with Indian pangolins (Manis crassicaudata). Global Ecology and Conservation, 22, e01042.
  54. Hota, S. R., Sahu, S. K., Behera, B. K., Pahari, A., & Sahoo, N. (2020). Microbiological and molecular diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in spotted deer (Axis axis) of an Indian zoo. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 9, 844-851.
  55. Sahu, S. K., Sahoo, N., Mohanty, B., & Mohapatra, D. (2020). Piroplasmosis in a captive Grant’s zebra (Equus quagga boehmi): A case study. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 12(5), 15646-15650.
  56. Sahoo, N., Sahu, S. K., Das, A. K., Mohapatra, D., Panda, S. K., Gupta, S. K., Behera, B. K., Pahari, A., & Dash, M. (2021). Elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus haemorrhagic disease outbreak in an Indian zoo. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 52(4), 1286-1297.
  57. Sahu, S. K., Sahoo, N., Panda, S. K., & Mohapatra, D. (2021). Cytauxzoonosis in a Bengal tiger (Panthera tigristigris) at Nandankanan Zoological Park, Odisha. Indian Zoo Year Book, IX, 1-5.
  58. Mohapatra, R. K., Sahu, S. K., Kumar, S., & Mahapatra, M. (2021). Hand-rearing of hyena cubs at Nandankanan Zoological Park, Odisha. Indian Zoo Year Book, IX, 1-5.
  59. Maharana, S., & Mohapatra, R. K. (2021). Revival of natural breeding of gharial (Gavialis gangeticus). IUCN SSC Crocodile Specialist Group Newsletter, 41(2), 8-9.
  60. Mohapatra, R. K., Maharana, S., & Khan, P. (2021). Behavioural study of zoo animals. Indian Zoo Year Book, IX, 125-134.
  61. Sahu, S. K., Purohit, K. L., Mohapatra, R. K., & Panda, S. (2021). Chemical restraint and translocation of a bull Asian elephant that strayed into a zoo. GAJAH, 47, 32-35.
  62. Sagar, V., Kaelin, C. B., Natesh, M., Reddy, P. A., Mohapatra, R. K., Chhattani, H., Thatte, P., Vaidyanathan, S., Biswas, S., Bhatt, S., Paul, S., Jhala, Y. V., Verma, M. M., Pandav, B., Mondol, S., Barsh, G. S., Swain, D., & Ramakrishnan, U. (2021). High frequency of an otherwise rare phenotype in a small and isolated tiger population. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(39).
  63. Dash, M., Sahu, S. K., Gupta, S. K., Sahoo, N., & Mohapatra, D. (2022). Trypanosoma evansi infection in a captive Indian wolf (Canis lupus pallipes): Molecular diagnosis and therapy. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 14(1), 20494-20499.
  64. Nath, I., Sahu, S. K., Panda, S. K., Sahoo, N., & Das, A. K. (2022). Surgical management of bilateral epulides in a sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) at Nandankanan Zoological Park. Indian Journal of Animal Research, 56(10).
  65. Panda, B. P., Purohit, S., Parida, S. P., Dash, A. K., Mohapatra, R. K., & Pradhan, A. (2022). Noise pollution effect on composition of avian structure in different urban gradients. Materials Today: Proceedings.
  66. Mohapatra, R. K. (2023). Solution to plastic pollution. In K. Murugasan, G. K. Panda, & N. R. Sahu (Eds.), Solution to plastic pollution (pp. 50-58). Centre for Environmental Studies, Government of Odisha.
  67. Rath, L. P., Dash, S. K., Khan, A., Mohapatra, R. K., Kumar, S., Nair, M. V., Paul, S., & Maharana, S. (2024). Monitoring the movement, habitat use and mortality of captive-bred reintroduced gharials in the Mahanadi River, India. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 34(2), e4097.
  68. Wangmo, L., Jabin, G., Ghosh, A., Priyambada, P., Dalui, S., Joshi, B. D., Singh, V., Dolker, S., Mohapatra, R. K., Nair, M. V., Sharma, L., & Thakur, M. (2024). Genetic assessment of captive breeding program of Indian pangolin: Implications for conservation and management. Molecular Biology Reports, 51, 123-135.
  69. Rath, L. P., Dash, S. K., Mohapatra, R. K., Patnaik, A., Khan, A., & Maharana, S. (2025). Exploring the human dimensions of gharial conservation in the Mahanadi River, India. Wildlife Research, 52(3).
  70. Parvez, & Mohapatra, R. K. (2025). Behavioural activity patterns of Indian spotted chevrotain Moschiola indica (Mammalia: Tragulidae) in captivity. In Animal Behavior in the Tropics: Vertebrates (pp. 413-424). Springer Nature.
  71. Padhi, S. K., Pahari, A., Behera, B. K., Dash, M., Dash, R., Sahoo, N., Nath, I., Acharya, A. P., Panda, S. K., Mahapatra, S., & Nair, M. V. (2025). Clostridium novyi type B causes fatal hemorrhagic disease in wild Asian elephants. bioRxiv.https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.12.31.630866
  72. Rath, L. P., Mohapatra, R. K., Dash, S. K., Khan, A., Sanath Kumar, N., Nair, M. V., & Maharana, S. (2026). Diving behaviour of a critically endangered crocodilian: ecological drivers and conservation implications. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 72, 23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10344-026-02057-z

Books Published

  1. Panda, S., Mishra, S., Mishra, A.K. and Mohapatra, S.N. (2010) Nandankanan Faunal Diversity. Nandankanan Biological Park, F & E Department, Govt. of Odisha. pp 01-152.
  2. Panda, S. and Panda, P.C. (2012) Floral Diversity of Nandankanan Wildlife Sanctuary. Nandankanan Biological Park, F & E Department, Govt. of Odisha. pp 01-378.
  3. Panda, S., Mishra, S., Priyadarshini, D. and Parida, S. P. (2011) Spiders of Nandankanan. Nandankanan Biological Park, F & E Department, Govt. of Odisha. pp 01-64.
  4. Mohapatra, P., Nair, M.V. and Panda, S. (2013) Amphibians of Nandankanan, Nandankanan Biological Park, F & E Department, Govt. of Odisha. pp 01-57.
  5. Anonymous (2012) Butterflies of Nandankanan. Nandankanan Zoological Park, F & E Department, Govt. of Odisha. pp 01-31.
  6. Mohapatra, R. K., Sahu, S.K., Das, J.K. and Paul, S. (2019). Hand Rearing of Wild Mammals in Captivity. Nandankanan Biological Park, Forest and Environmental Department, Government of Odisha. pp 1-80.
  7. Mohapatra, R.K. and Panda M.K. (2019) Pangolin Education Kit. Nandankanan Biological Park, Forest and Environmental Department, Government of Odisha. pp 1-36.
  8. Mohapatra, R.K., Sahu, S. K., Joshi, A., Vanjari, C. D., Bhandari, B., Thakur, M., Perera, P., Mendis, A., Aditya, V., Sharma, G., Katdare, B., Chaudhuri, A., Mahapatra, M. Maharana, S., Kumar, S. and Nair, M.V.N. (2022) Field guide for rehabilitation of Indian pangolin. Second Edition. Nandankanan Biological Park, Bhubaneswar and Central Zoo Authority, New Delhi. pp 1-41.
  9. Samal, S., Das, P., Pradhan, R., Behera, H.K., Jena, S., Mohapatra, R.K., Panda, M.K., Kumar, S., Nair, M.V. (2022). Sunday Bird Walks: A citizen science initiative in Nandankanan. Nandankanan Biological Park, Forest, Environment and Climate change Department, Government of Odisha. pp 1-82.
  10. Mohapatra, R.K., Maharana, S., Rath, L.P., Khan, A., Parida, M., Sahu, S.K., Kumar, S., N., Sanath Kumar, Jha, P.K., Nair, M.V. (2025). Back from the brink- conserving the gharials of Mahanadi. Nandankanan Biological Park, Forest, Environment and Climate change Department, Government of Odisha. pp 1-103.
  11. Nair, M. V., Sahu, S. K., Sanath Kumar, N., Rath, L. P., Hota, A., Swain, R. R., Jha, P. K., & Mohapatra, R. K. (2025). Husbandry practices and seasonal management of zoo animals. Nandankanan Biological Park, Forest, Environment and Climate Change Department, Government of Odisha. pp. 1-98.
  12. Sanath Kumar, N., Panda, M. K., Mohapatra, R. K., Pradhan, R., Pradhan, L., Jha, P. K., & Nair, M. V. (2025). Learning beyond exhibits: Exploring the educational scope of zoos. Nandankanan Biological Park, Forest, Environment and Climate Change Department, Government of Odisha. pp. 1-80.

Documentation

  • Management Plan for the State Botanical Garden Odisha
    Management Plan for the State Botanical Garden Odisha
  • Exploring the Educational Scope of Zoos
    Exploring the Educational Scope of Zoos
  • Husbandry Practices and Seasonal Management of Zoo Animals
    Husbandry Practices and Seasonal Management of Zoo Animals
  • Gharial project report 2025 cover page
    Gharial project report 2025
  • Back from the brink conserving the gharials of Mahanadi cover page
    Back from the brink conserving the gharials of Mahanadi
  • Butterflies of Nandankanan
    Butterflies of Nandankanan
  • Nandankanan-Faunal Diversity
    Nandankanan-Faunal Diversity
  • Amphibians of Nandankanan
    Amphibians of Nandankanan
  • A Pocket Guide for Nandankanan Wildlife Sanctuary
    A Pocket Guide for Nandankanan Wildlife Sanctuary
  • Floral Diversity of Nandankanan Wildlife Sanctuary
    Floral Diversity of Nandankanan Wildlife Sanctuary
  • Hand Rearing of Wild Mammals in Captivity
    Hand Rearing of Wild Mammals in
    Captivity
  • Pangolin Education Kit
    Pangolin Education Kit
  • Spiders of Nandankanan
    Spiders of Nandankanan
  • Spiders of Nandankanan
    Brochure
  • Environmental Enrichment
    Environmental Enrichment
  • Sunday Bird Walks
    Sunday Bird Walks
  • Field Guide for Rehabilitation of Indian Pangolin
    Field Guide for Rehabilitation of Indian Pangolin